Cause of failure
There are two main causes of the failure of the combine harvester: First, the accidental failure caused by improper operation is caused by man-made and is generally easy to avoid and prevent. Second, the sudden failure of some parts of the machine due to excessive wear and tear caused by excessive wear and tear is caused by natural wear. In the use, positive precautions can be taken to avoid and reduce the probability of failure. Here are a few typical causes of failure and how to prevent it:
Blade damage
In the cutting process, it encounters hard objects such as stones and tree roots; the blade protector is loose or deformed, which makes the height of the fixed blade inconsistent; the blade rivet loose, and the collision when cutting may cause the cutting blade to be damaged. In order to prevent blade damage, attention should be paid to obstacles in front of the cutter to prevent the blade from cutting hard objects such as iron wire or colliding with stones, poles, stakes, etc. During maintenance, always check and adjust the blade to make the blade in the same horizontal plane, and the loose blade should be tightened in time.
Broken bar
Mainly because the resistance of the cutter movement is too great or the installation position of the cutter drive mechanism is incorrect. In order to prevent the cutter bar from being broken, the cutter should be properly adjusted to reduce the resistance of the cutter movement and adjust the installation position of the cutter drive mechanism to meet the assembly requirements. After the shank is broken, the spare cutter should be replaced and the broken shank should be repaired. After the wheat has been harvested, the removed cutter should be placed on the flat frame in the library or vertically on the beam inside the library to avoid bending and deformation of the tool holder.
Spiral slip
The gap between the spiral blade of the auger and the bottom plate of the header is too large, especially when harvesting the dwarf wheat, the blade cannot catch the crop that has been cut, can not be transported in time, and is stacked and blocked in front of the auger, causing the auger of the header. The aircraft slipped. In order to prevent the occurrence of this fault, the gap between the spiral blade and the cutting board should be properly adjusted according to the different conditions of the crop, such as the density and height of the crop; when the edge of the blade is polished, the pushing efficiency will be reduced, and the flat shovel or trowel can be used. Small teeth are machined to increase their gripping and pushing capabilities.
Roller blockage
The crop is too wet, too dense, and there are many weeds; the walking speed is too fast; the threshing gap is small, or the drum rotation speed is low; the transmission belt is slipping; the engine horsepower is insufficient; the drafting wheel and the drafter are not slipping; the feeding unevenness can be Causes the drum to clog. In order to prevent the clogging of the drum, when harvesting the grassy wet crops, the gap between the drum and the concave plate should be increased appropriately; when the drum rotation speed is heard, the locomotive forward speed should be reduced or the advancement should be temporarily stopped; adjust the tightness of the belt; Adjust the speed of the drum and the clearance of the wood bearing. If the drum is clogged, the engine should be turned off, the concave plate should be placed at the lowest position, and the roller belt should be pulled to clean the blockage.
The drum is not clean
Mainly due to the low rotation speed of the drum, the excessive gap of the concave plate, the excessive feed of the crop or the uneven feeding; the excessive wear of the nail, the groove and the concave grating, the degranulation ability is reduced, or the deformation of the concave plate causes the threshing Net; the harvest time is too early, the crop is too moist, and the threshing is difficult, resulting in unsorable degranulation. In view of the above faults, the drum rotation speed can be increased, the concave plate gap can be reduced, or the advance speed of the combine harvester can be reduced; the nail teeth, the ribs and the concave plates can be replaced; the drum rotation speed and the feed amount can be appropriately increased, and the removal rate can be improved.
Screen surface blockage
Mainly because the threshing device is improperly adjusted, there are too many broken stems, and the fan can't open the exfoliated material, so that the front mesh hole is broken by the stem and the ear is blocked, which causes the pusher to be overloaded or blocked; the cleaning device is improperly adjusted. The sieve opening is small, the air volume is small, the wind direction is improperly adjusted, the sieve amplitude is not enough or the inclination is not correct, causing more grain in the sieve discharge and increasing the cleaning loss; the crop is wet or too much weed, so the cleanliness is reduced . In view of the above failures, the feed amount should be appropriately reduced, the drum rotation speed should be reduced or the threshing gap should be appropriately increased, the air volume should be increased and the wind direction should be changed, the screen surface clearance should be adjusted to improve the plugging of the screen surface and the auger; and the screen opening and air volume can be adjusted; Change the inclination of the tail screen, increase the rotation speed of the drum, and so on.
Chain break
The chain tension is not suitable; the chain is eccentric; the drive shaft is bent to make the sprocket yaw; the chain continues to be used after severe wear; the sprocket wear exceeds the allowable limit; the sleeve roller chain split pin is broken off, or the joint clip opening direction Reversed; the hook chain is severely worn or reversed, causing the chain to break, break and disengage. In order to prevent the occurrence of this fault, each sprocket in the same transmission circuit must be in the same plane of rotation; often check the wear of the chain, repair and replace it in time; often check the condition of the chain pin of the chain joint, replace if necessary; straighten The curved drive shaft makes the sprocket rotate no more than the allowable swing amount; correctly adjust the tightness of the chain; timely repair and replace the sprocket exceeding the wear limit, correctly adjust the safety clutch; and lubricate the drive chain in time.
